What is a thyroid gland?

Thyroid gland is  a butterfly shaped gland located just behind our neck. It secretes thyroid hormones T3 and T4 that regulates metabolism and plays a major role in mental and physical development.

What are disorders of Thyroid gland?

1.Hypothyroidism : Due to insufficient thyroid hormone production.

2. Hyperthyroidism : Due to excess thyroid hormone production.

3. Thyroid cancer

What are the symptoms of thyroid disorders?

Hypothyroidism

Lethargy , sleepiness, weight gain, hair loss, constipation, dry skin, cold intolerance, menstrual irregularities etc.

Hyperthyroidism

Weight loss with increased appetite, hyperactivity, irritability, fatigue, insomnia, palpitation, excess sweating, tremor, heat intorance, menstrual irregularities and so on.

What are the treatment options for thyroid disorders?

Hypothyroidism : Thyroid hormone replacement in the form of levothyroxine tablets. It is safe, affordable and has no side effects.

Hyperthyroidism: Some types of hyperthyroidism (eg subacute thyroiditis )are transient , recovers on its own and does not require long term treatment. However, other types like Grave’s disease, toxic adenoma and toxic multinodular needs treatment. There are three treatment options for such cases : anti thyroid drugs ( carbimazole, PTU) ,radioactive iodine therapy or thyroid surgery